Kurdistan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Advances in Environmental Health Research2676-34785120170201Indoor particulate concentration during biomass burning in central India194665310.22102/jaehr.2017.46653ENRameshwariVermaPt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, IndiaKhageshwarPatelSchool of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur-492010 (C.G.), IndiaSantoshVermaState Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, No. 122, Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
& School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur-492010 (C.G.), IndiaEduardoFunesUniversidad Miguel Hernandez-Elche, Division de Física Aplicada, Dpto. Fisica y Arquitectura de Computadores, Av. Del Ferrocarril s/n. Edificio Alcudia, SpainXiujianZhaoState Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures
Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan-430070, ChinaJournal Article20160920Indoor air particulate (PM) exposure is several folds more dangerous than outdoor air owing to burning of different materials. Burning biomass emits toxic fumes that are found to be associated with numerous health problems such as respiratory diseases, etc. In our study area, approximately 80% of the population of Chhattisgarh state, central India use biomass such as wood, and cow dung as a primary source of domestic energy and therefore require proper study about indoor emission. Thus, the PM<sub>10 </sub>and associated eight ions i.e. Cl<sup>-</sup>, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>, NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup> and Ca<sup>2+ </sup>from the burning of wood and cow dung in indoor in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, central India is investigated. The highest mean concentration of PM<sub>10 </sub>(17697 µg m<sup>-3</sup>) and the sum of eight ions, ∑ion<sub>8</sub> (38.4 mg m<sup>-3</sup>), were found from the burning of wood. The indoor concentration of PM<sub>10</sub> exceeds the guidelines levels. The wood like <em>Mangifera indica </em>emits the highest concentration of PM<sub>10. </sub>However, <em>Acacia arabica</em> is found to be acidic in nature. Thus, this result helps us to be aware of the adverse effects of indoor emission from burning. Therefore, the improved models, alternative for energy source and sufficient ventilation are supposed to be recommended option for the future.https://jaehr.muk.ac.ir/article_46653_45050a298f1b880fcadb9085073c6b3f.pdfKurdistan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Advances in Environmental Health Research2676-34785120170201Biodegradation of methylene blue from aqueous solution by bacteria isolated from contaminated soil10154669010.22102/jaehr.2017.46690ENHadiEslamiPhD Student of Environmental Health, Environmental Science and Technology Research Center,
School of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran0000-0001-5137-4764SamanehSedighi KhavidakAssistant professor, Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Ashkezar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ashkezar, Yazd, IranFaezehSalehiMSc of Microbiology, Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of
Medical Sciences, Yazd, IranRasoulKhosraviPhD Student of Environmental Health, Environmental Science and Technology Research Center,
School of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IranReza AliFallahzadehPhD Student of Environmental Health, Environmental Science and Technology Research Center,
School of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IranRoyaPeiroviLecturer, Department of Environmental Health Engineering ,Gonabad University of Medical Sciences,
Gonabad, IranShahramSadeghiEnvironmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran0000-0002-6119-721XJournal Article20161126The use of biodegradation methods by microorganisms in the removal of industrial dyes are widely considered owing to their high efficiency and compatibility to the environment. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the biodegradation of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution by bacteria isolated from contaminated soil. This study was performed in laboratory scale on bacteria isolated and purified from contaminated soil with methylene blue. Initially, the bacteria was isolated from contaminated soil. Thereafter, medium containing 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1000 mg/l of methylene blue, 50 ml of salt medium with glucose and 2.5 ml of Brain-heart infusion (BHI) medium containing bacteria were prepared. The results of dye removal were analyzed using UV/Vis spectrophotometer at 665 nm. The results of purification and identification of the bacterial species which degrade methylene blue indicated that Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the dominant bacteria. In this study, the removal efficiency of bacteria was attained from 82.25 to 97.82% with an increase in initial MB concentration from 50 to 200 mg/l. Nevertheless, with increase in MB oncentration from 200 to 1000 mg/l, removal efficiency was reduced to 43.08%. The optimum concentration of MB removal was 200 mg/l. It is evident from the results that the bacteria had used methylene blue as an auxiliary source of carbon apart from glucose. Finally, it can be concluded that P. aeruginosa is an appropriate candidate for the removal of methylene blue from the environment.https://jaehr.muk.ac.ir/article_46690_eb035214c9feb365b3751ca518cf752c.pdfKurdistan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Advances in Environmental Health Research2676-34785120170201Assessment of DMFT and its influencing factors in guidance school students in Pirnshahr city, Iran16224665210.22102/jaehr.2017.46652ENHamideMirzamohammadiMSc. Student of Environmental Health Engineering, Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, IranAliJafariAssist Prof., Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran0000-0001-8761-6323RezaRezaeeAssist Prof., Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences,
Sanandaj, Iran.0000-0003-2314-6697HiuaDaraeiMSc of Chemistry, Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences,
Sanandaj, IranSirosShahsawariMSc of Epidemiology, Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran0000-0002-3781-1515ShimaRezaeiMSc of Environmental Health, Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of
Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran0000-0001-6449-8395RoyaEbrahimiMSc Health Education, Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical
Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran0000-0002-2949-4863Journal Article20160927DMFT index is one of the best dental epidemiological indices, which represent the oral health status of the population and has been accepted by authorities and international organizations such as the World Health Organization. The aim of this study was to assess the permanent teeth DMFT index in guidance school students to determine the influencing factors such as brushing, tea and sugar consumption , number and type of snacks, parents education status, family member number, economic situation and visiting the dentist status. In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, 320 student girls from guidance school (12 years old) were randomly selected in Piranshahr city. Their health information was obtained by referring to their health files to determine DMFT. For some related factors to the index a questionnaire was designed by researcher and completed by the students. The data was statistically analyzed using independent T-test and ANOVA. The mean DMFT in the students was 2.53 ± 2.28. The frequency of brushing, snack consumption, visiting the dentist, family economic status had significant correlation with the DMFT index (P<0.05). The daily tea drinking, sugar consumption, number of family members, parents education level had no significant correlation with the index (P>0.05). The average of DMFT in Piranshahr guidance school students is higher than World Health Organization standards; thus, to improve the present situation, it is necessary to design a proper plan. More attention to families dental and oral health is necessary via mass media, heath service centers and health teachers in schools.https://jaehr.muk.ac.ir/article_46652_a46f93fa4667378d8c6546b4a11520b2.pdfKurdistan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Advances in Environmental Health Research2676-34785120170201Elimination of pathogenic bacteria using electrochemical process containing steel mesh electrode23284696810.22102/jaehr.2017.46968ENFatemehGanizadehDepartement of Envioenmental Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares university,
Tehran, IranAbbasRezaeeDepartement of Envioenmental Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares university,
Tehran, IranHatamGodiniDepartement of Envioenmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Alborz University of Medical
Sciences, Karaj, IranJournal Article20161002The main objective of this study is removal of pathogenic bacteria using electrochemical process. The bactericidal effects of electrochemical system containing steel mesh electrode were evaluated from contaminated water with E. coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Staphylococcus aureous and Streptococcus fecalis at various concentrations. Effect of current density, supporting electrolyte and pathogenic bacterial concentration were studied and kinetic rate of disinfection were determined. The obtained results show, the effect of current density on disinfection efficiency was highest and then concentration of bacteria in the contaminated water and supporting electrolyte concentrations in the electrolyte have more effective. Contaminated water including 100 and 1000 bacteria/ml of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus faecalis, compeletly disinfected using 0.088 mA/cm2 current during 5 to 60 min. The reaction rate of disinfection is directly related to current density. It is expected that experimental results could be used as a reference for the elimination of pathogenic bacteria using electrochemical process.https://jaehr.muk.ac.ir/article_46968_9cfb1408152933f6fd6361560194325e.pdfKurdistan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Advances in Environmental Health Research2676-34785120170201Evaluation of water quality using heavy metal index and multivariate statistical analysis in Lorestan province, Iran29374775610.22102/jaehr.2017.47756ENZahraKhoshnamDepartment of Geology, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, IranRaminSarikhaniDepartment of Geology, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, IranArtimesGhassemi DehnaviDepartment of Geology, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran0000-0002-7057-7054ZeinabAhmadnejadDepartment of Geology, Tabriz University, Tabriz, IranJournal Article20161213In the present study, the water quality of Silakhor River, located in Rahim Abad hydrometric station, was analyzed based on Boron, Iron, Nickel, Fluorine, Manganese, Chromium, Cadmium, Aluminum, Copper, Zinc and Lead pollution. The samples were collected from Silakhor River in Rahim Abad hydrometric station during a one-year period, from December 2012 to November 2013. In addition, metal index (MI) and heavy metal evaluation index (HEI) were applied to evaluate the amount of heavy metal pollution of water resources in the study area. The aforemention indices determined the origin of contamination of water resources, drinking or non-drinking. The findings from the samples showed that the amount of some heavy metals, such as Lead, Chromium, Cadmium and Manganese was higher than permissible limit of WHO standard. However, metal index (MI) and heavy metal evaluation index (HEI) proved that all samples are non-potable. In the present study, statistical studies (correlation coefficient, factor analysis and cluster analysis) were employed to determine the probable origin of the area’s elements. The findings indicated a multiple source of pollutants for the region water resources including two major sources; one is associated with the region lithology (the natural factor) while the other is caused by human activity in the region (anthropogenic factors).https://jaehr.muk.ac.ir/article_47756_8984d0645b79e241203e9ec9f0a62ca4.pdfKurdistan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Advances in Environmental Health Research2676-34785120170328Geographic Information System for distribution of groundwater fluoride levels in Iranian city of Dehloran38434673710.22102/jaehr.2017.46737ENShimaRezaeiMSc, Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran0000-0001-6449-8395RouhollahShokriAbadan School of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran0000-0003-2808-7307RasoulMomenzadehMSc, Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranAliJamshidiManager of Water Treatment Plant, Ilam, IranRaziehYazdizadehGraduated of Environmental Pollution, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, IranJournal Article20161112Humans are faced with serious problems due to the unfit fluoride levels in potable water, which cause skeletal and dental fluorosis. Therefore, correct information regarding fluoride level in water resources is important in community dentistry, however this data is missing at national level. The aim of this descriptive-analytical study was to explore and map fluoride dispersion patterns of groundwater by Arcview GIS 9.3 software in April 2013 to March 2014 in Dehloran, Ilam County, located in western Iran. Water sampling was carried out on 8 wells which are sources of drinking water. The analytical technique applied for fluoride determination on 96 water samples was spectrophotometry by the SPADNS method according to the standard method. Fluoride concentration changed from 0.24 to 1.03mg/l with a mean of 0.48±0.12 mg/l. Approximately, 0% of the samples are above 1mg F/L. The appropriate percentage for human consumption limit is about 17.7% of water samples. Although 82.29% of the water samples were having less than the permissible range of 0.6 mg/l, there is a statistically significant relationship between the monthly average fluoride concentrations in each well. However, no significant associations were found between the average fluoride concentrations of different wells in each month. https://jaehr.muk.ac.ir/article_46737_a79bf4899fdd57412a17965dd15003f5.pdfKurdistan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Advances in Environmental Health Research2676-34785120170201Quantification of health effects related to SO2 and NO2 pollutants by using Air quality model44504775710.22102/jaehr.2017.47757ENBahramKamarehieDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of medical sciences, Khorramabad, IranMansourGhaderpooriDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of medical sciences, Khorramabad, IranAliJafariDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of medical sciences, Khorramabad, Iran0000-0001-8761-6323MohammadaminKaramiDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of medical sciences, Khorramabad, IranAliakbarMohammadiInstructor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran0000-0001-6721-1791KhaledAzarshabFaculty of Environmental Islamic Azad University West Tehran, Tehran, IranAfshinGhaderpouryStudents Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAbdolazimAlinejadStudents Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranNajafNoorizadehDepartment of Occupational Health, Faculty of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20161222In the past few decades, the results of epidemiological studies have shown that there is a significant relationship between human health and air pollution. The aim of this study was to quantify the health effects, the estimated number of cases of death, cardiovascular and respiratory deaths attributed to NO2 and SO2 pollutants in Bukan city by Air Quality software. Bukan city has a population of 224,628 persons and an area of 2541.306 square kilometer. Raw data of SO2 and NO2 concentrations were received from the Department of Environment of Bukan city. To analyze the data, the Excel and Air quality 2.2.3 softwares were employed. The annual average of SO2 concentration was 85.61 μg m-3 which is higher than the WHO AQGs and Iranian National Standard. Air Quality model predicted that with every 10 μg m-3 increase in gaseous SO2, total, respiratory and cardiovascular mortality related to SO2 was 36.2, 7.8 and 29.9 deaths, respectively. The average concentration of NO2 was almost constant throughout the year. NO2 concentration in summer and winter seasons was 25.23 and 25.95 μg m-3, respectively. Consequently, 0.64 and 0.36% of the total and cardiovascular mortality was due to NO2, respectively. In conclusion, Air Quality software can be used for health risk assessment of SO2 and NO2 pollutants.https://jaehr.muk.ac.ir/article_47757_44f5aced9f0489844960c317c3b44685.pdfKurdistan University of Medical SciencesJournal of Advances in Environmental Health Research2676-34785120170613Industrial landfill site selection using Analytical Hierarchy Process (Case study: Razi industrial town of Isfahan-Iran)51584681710.22102/jaehr.2017.46817ENMajidHashemiEnvironment Research Center and Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0003-3254-2296Hamid RezaPourzamaniEnvironment Research Center and Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranAfsaneChavoshaniEnvironment Research Center and Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0002-5764-032XNezamaMengelizadehEnvironment Research Center and Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0003-1974-2314ImanParsehEnvironment Research Center and Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0001-5867-1171MohammadHeidari FarsaniEnvironmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranFaezehHeidariDepartments of Environmental Health Engineering , Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IranShimaRezaeiEnvironmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran0000-0001-6449-8395Journal Article20170217Suitable landfill site selection is a significant step in the integrated management of solid waste. Because of some dangerous industrial waste, landfill site selection is more important. The selection process should be considered different criteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate location of industrial waste landfill Razi complex by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). In this study, three locations were proposed as site of landfill. Socio-economic (such as distance of industries, availability, cost of site preparation and access to soil cover) and physical factors (for example: dominant wind direction, soil permeability and ground-waters flow direction) were considered in the decision process. The Super Decisions software used to develop decision-making process. Based on the results, "2nd alternative"( mountain of Fish Pool) that is the current landfill site of Razi industrial town with a score of 0.593, based on software output, was chosen as the best alternative for disposal of Razi industrial wastes of Razi town-Isfahan. Inconsistency rate in this study, 0.039 was obtained.https://jaehr.muk.ac.ir/article_46817_2608929989cddf6b12d764ce7c280437.pdf